What Makes a Developing Character? A Comprehensive Guide to Character Development in Writing

Character development is an essential aspect of storytelling. It’s what makes a story come alive and connect with readers on an emotional level. But what exactly is a developing character? In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the definition of a developing character, the different types of character development, and the techniques used to create complex and engaging characters.

A developing character is a personality that undergoes significant changes throughout the story. This transformation can be driven by internal or external factors, such as personal growth, trauma, or conflict with other characters. A developing character is not static; they evolve and grow as the story progresses, often in response to challenges and obstacles.

There are two main types of character development: positive and negative. Positive character development involves a character’s growth and improvement, while negative character development involves a decline in their moral values or behavior. In this guide, we’ll explore the different techniques used to create dynamic and believable characters, including backstory, character arcs, and character motivation.

Whether you’re a seasoned writer or just starting out, understanding character development is essential to creating compelling stories that resonate with readers. So let’s dive in and explore what makes a developing character truly great.

Understanding Character Development

What is Character Development?

Character development is the process of creating dynamic and relatable characters in a story. It involves creating characters that are not only interesting and engaging but also realistic and believable. The purpose of character development is to create characters that readers can connect with emotionally and become invested in their journey.

Character development is important in writing because it helps to engage readers and create emotional connections with the characters. When readers care about the characters, they become invested in the story and are more likely to continue reading. Additionally, well-developed characters can help to build a compelling story that readers will find engaging and memorable.

Why is it important in writing?

Character development is important in writing for several reasons. One of the primary reasons is that it helps to engage readers and create emotional connections with the characters. When readers care about the characters, they become invested in the story and are more likely to continue reading. Additionally, well-developed characters can help to build a compelling story that readers will find engaging and memorable.

Another reason why character development is important in writing is that it helps to create realistic and believable characters. When readers can relate to the characters and their struggles, it helps to make the story more relatable and engaging. This is especially important in genres such as literary fiction, where the focus is often on character-driven stories.

Furthermore, character development can help to create conflict and tension in the story. When characters have distinct personalities and motivations, it can lead to conflicts and tensions that drive the plot forward. This is an important aspect of character development, as it helps to create a dynamic and engaging story.

In summary, character development is an essential aspect of writing. It helps to create dynamic and relatable characters that readers can connect with emotionally, build a compelling story, and create conflict and tension that drives the plot forward. By investing time in developing their characters, writers can create stories that are engaging, memorable, and impactful.

Types of Character Development

External Character Development

External character development refers to changes that occur in a character’s physical appearance, situation, skills, and abilities. These changes can significantly impact the story and the character’s development.

Changes in appearance or situation

Changes in appearance or situation can include physical transformations, such as weight loss or gain, or changes in clothing style. These changes can signify a character’s growth or decline, and they can also be used to reflect the character’s inner struggles. For example, a character who gains weight may be struggling with emotional issues, such as depression or anxiety.

Growth or decline of skills and abilities

Growth or decline of skills and abilities can be a significant aspect of external character development. A character may start as a novice in a particular skill, such as martial arts or cooking, and then work hard to become an expert. Alternatively, a character may lose skills due to injury or age. These changes can be used to demonstrate the character’s dedication, resilience, or frustration.

Gaining or losing material possessions

Gaining or losing material possessions can also be a significant aspect of external character development. A character may start with very little and then acquire wealth and status, or they may lose everything and have to rebuild from scratch. These changes can reflect the character’s ambition, greed, or generosity, and they can also create tension and conflict in the story.

Internal Character Development

Internal character development refers to changes that occur within a character’s mind and emotions. These changes can be just as significant as external character development, as they can reveal the character’s innermost thoughts and feelings.

Emotional growth and maturity

Emotional growth and maturity are key aspects of internal character development. A character may start as an emotional wreck, struggling to cope with their feelings, and then grow into a more emotionally stable and mature person. This growth can be triggered by external events, such as a personal tragedy or a romantic relationship, or it can be a gradual process that occurs over the course of the story.

Change in beliefs and values

Change in beliefs and values can also be a significant aspect of internal character development. A character may start with a rigid set of beliefs and values, and then have these challenged by external events or by encountering new people and ideas. This change can be a sign of maturity and growth, as the character learns to question their assumptions and adapt to new situations.

Personal struggles and conflicts

Personal struggles and conflicts can also be a key aspect of internal character development. A character may struggle with addiction, mental illness, or a personal failing, and then work to overcome these struggles. This can be a difficult and painful process, but it can also be a source of strength and resilience for the character.

Character Development vs. Plot Development

Character development and plot development are two interconnected elements in fiction writing. While character development focuses on creating complex and well-rounded personalities for the characters, plot development involves the sequence of events that drive the story forward. Both elements are essential to create a compelling narrative, but they serve different purposes.

The interplay between character and plot

The relationship between character development and plot development is symbiotic. Characters drive the plot, and the plot drives character development. Each element influences the other, creating a dynamic tension that propels the story forward.

How character development drives plot

When writers focus on developing their characters, they create a foundation for the plot to build upon. Well-developed characters have their own goals, motivations, and desires, which shape their actions and decisions throughout the story. As a result, the plot becomes an extension of the characters’ inner lives, providing opportunities for growth, conflict, and transformation.

For example, in Jane Austen’s “Pride and Prejudice,” the plot revolves around the romantic entanglements of the Bennett sisters. However, the story’s true power lies in the development of its characters, particularly Elizabeth Bennett, who undergoes a significant transformation as she learns to overcome her pride and prejudices.

How plot development drives character

On the other hand, plot development can also influence character development. The events and circumstances that unfold in the story can challenge a character’s beliefs, test their strengths and weaknesses, and push them to grow and change. As the plot unfolds, the characters’ reactions and decisions shape their development, creating a rich and nuanced portrayal of human nature.

In J.K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” series, the plot is driven by the conflict between good and evil forces. However, the characters’ reactions to these events shape their development, from Harry’s growth from an orphaned outcast to a heroic leader to Hermione’s transformation from a bookish know-it-all to a compassionate and courageous friend.

In conclusion, character development and plot development are two interdependent elements in fiction writing. By understanding the interplay between them, writers can create complex and compelling narratives that engage readers on an emotional level.

Crafting a Developing Character

The Five Stages of Character Development

Introduction

Establishing the character’s background and personality is a crucial aspect of character development. It provides readers with a foundation to understand the character’s motivations, desires, and fears. Furthermore, creating a relatable and intriguing first impression helps readers to become invested in the character’s journey.

To effectively introduce a character, it is important to provide readers with relevant details about the character’s physical appearance, personality traits, and background. This information can be conveyed through the character’s actions, dialogue, and thoughts. Additionally, the introduction should be engaging and capture the reader’s attention, making them eager to learn more about the character.

Inciting Incident

The inciting incident is the event that sets the character on a new path and serves as the catalyst for change. It is the moment when the character’s life is disrupted, and they are forced to confront a challenge or problem that they cannot ignore. This event should be significant and have a lasting impact on the character’s life.

The inciting incident can take many forms, such as a death, a betrayal, a discovery, or a confrontation. It should be unexpected and create a sense of urgency, propelling the character into action. Additionally, the inciting incident should be closely tied to the character’s desires and motivations, making it a critical turning point in their journey.

Rising Action

The rising action is the character’s efforts to overcome challenges and build their resolve. It is the part of the story where the character faces obstacles and makes progress towards their goal. This stage is crucial for developing the character’s skills, abilities, and relationships.

During the rising action, the character should encounter setbacks and difficulties that test their resolve. These challenges should be varied and escalate in intensity, building tension and suspense. Furthermore, the character should learn from their experiences and grow in strength and confidence.

Climax

The climax is the turning point in the character’s journey and the moment of greatest struggle. It is the culmination of the character’s efforts and the point where they must confront their fears and desires. The climax should be a high-stakes event that determines the character’s fate.

The climax should be emotionally charged and physically demanding, pushing the character to their limits. It should also be a decisive moment that changes the character’s perspective or circumstances. Additionally, the climax should be satisfying and provide a sense of resolution, while also setting up the final stage of the character’s journey.

Falling Action

The falling action is the character’s adjustment to their new reality and their growth as a result of their experiences. It is the part of the story where the character comes to terms with the consequences of the climax and begins to rebuild their life.

During the falling action, the character should reflect on their experiences and learn from their mistakes. They should also begin to rebuild their relationships and work towards a new goal. Furthermore, the character should demonstrate a newfound maturity and wisdom, having gained valuable insights from their journey.

Resolution

The resolution is the character’s new status quo and demonstrates their change. It is the final stage of the character’s journey, where they achieve their goal or find a new purpose. The resolution should provide a sense of closure and satisfaction for the reader.

The resolution should show the character’s growth and the impact of their journey on their life. It should also demonstrate how the character has changed and what they have learned. Additionally, the resolution should leave the reader with a sense of hope and optimism for the character’s future.

Crafting a Complex Character

Crafting a complex character is an essential aspect of character development in writing. A complex character is one who has a unique set of strengths and weaknesses, which make them interesting and relatable to readers. To create a complex character, it is important to consider the following factors:

Balancing strengths and weaknesses

A well-rounded character should have a combination of strengths and weaknesses. Strengths make a character admirable, while weaknesses make them human and flawed. Balancing these traits makes a character relatable and intriguing to readers.

Creating multi-dimensionality

A multi-dimensional character is one who has several layers to their personality. This can be achieved by giving the character different interests, hobbies, and passions. A character who is passionate about their work but struggles with personal relationships, for example, is more interesting than a character who is only focused on their career.

Incorporating flaws and contradictions

Incorporating flaws and contradictions in a character makes them more human and relatable. Flaws can include traits such as being overly critical, impatient, or indecisive. Contradictions can include a character who is both kind and cruel, or someone who is both ambitious and lazy. These flaws and contradictions add depth to the character and make them more realistic.

Allowing the character to change over time

A character who remains static throughout the story is not interesting. Allowing a character to change over time, whether it be through their experiences or interactions with other characters, makes them more dynamic and engaging. This change can be gradual or sudden, but it should be evident to the reader.

In conclusion, crafting a complex character is crucial for character development in writing. A character who has a combination of strengths and weaknesses, multiple dimensions, flaws and contradictions, and the ability to change over time is a well-rounded and intriguing character that readers will relate to and remember.

Common Pitfalls in Character Development

Overused Character Archetypes

When creating characters, it is important to avoid falling into the trap of using overused character archetypes. These are characters that have become clichéd and predictable due to their overuse in literature and media. Here are some examples of overused character archetypes:

The hero

The hero is often the protagonist of the story and is known for their bravery, selflessness, and ability to overcome adversity. While this archetype can be effective in the right hands, it can also be predictable and uninteresting if not executed well.

The villain

The villain is often the antagonist of the story and is known for their cruelty, cunning, and evil intentions. Like the hero, the villain can be an effective archetype if executed well, but can also be predictable and one-dimensional if not given depth and complexity.

The love interest

The love interest is a character that the protagonist falls in love with and often plays a significant role in the story. This archetype can be effective in creating tension and romantic interest, but can also be predictable and cliche if not executed well.

The sidekick

The sidekick is a character that accompanies the protagonist on their journey and often provides support and comic relief. This archetype can be effective in creating a sense of camaraderie and levity, but can also be predictable and one-dimensional if not given depth and complexity.

The mentor

The mentor is a character that guides and advises the protagonist on their journey. This archetype can be effective in providing guidance and wisdom, but can also be predictable and cliche if not executed well.

In order to create a developing character, it is important to avoid these overused archetypes and instead focus on creating unique and complex characters that stand out in the story.

One-Dimensional Characters

One-dimensional characters are flat and lack depth, making them difficult to relate to and engage with. They may be categorized into three types:

The flat character

A flat character is a static character who does not undergo any significant change or development throughout the story. They remain the same from beginning to end, displaying consistent traits and behaviors. While flat characters can serve a purpose in a story, they can also make it challenging for readers to connect with the character on a deeper level.

The stock character

A stock character is a type of flat character who represents a specific archetype or stereotype. They are often recognizable from their distinct traits and behaviors, such as the villain, the hero, or the sidekick. While stock characters can add flavor and variety to a story, they can also feel clichéd and unoriginal if not handled carefully.

The stereotype

A stereotype is a one-dimensional character who embodies a narrow and unrealistic portrayal of a particular group of people. Stereotypes can be harmful and offensive, perpetuating negative stereotypes and reinforcing harmful biases. It is important for writers to avoid stereotypes and strive for more nuanced and realistic portrayals of their characters.

Stagnant Characters

Lack of growth or change

A stagnant character is one that remains static throughout the story, showing no growth or change. This can be a significant flaw in character development because readers want to see characters evolve and learn from their experiences. Stagnant characters can become dull and uninteresting, making it difficult for readers to connect with them.

To avoid this pitfall, writers should aim to create characters that experience growth and change over the course of the story. This can be achieved by giving the character a clear arc, where they start off in one place and end up in another. The character’s growth can be demonstrated through their actions, thoughts, and behaviors, as well as through their relationships with other characters.

Failure to evolve with the story

Another issue with stagnant characters is that they may not evolve in response to the events of the story. A character who remains static in the face of changing circumstances can feel unrealistic and inconsistent. To avoid this pitfall, writers should ensure that their characters are affected by the events of the story and are forced to adapt and change in response.

One way to achieve this is by creating characters with flaws or weaknesses that are exposed by the events of the story. This can create opportunities for the character to learn and grow, as they work to overcome their flaws and become a better person. Additionally, writers can introduce new challenges or obstacles that force the character to evolve and adapt in order to succeed.

Overall, avoiding stagnant characters requires a commitment to creating well-rounded, dynamic characters who experience growth and change over the course of the story. By giving characters clear arcs and ensuring that they evolve in response to the events of the story, writers can create compelling, believable characters that readers will care about.

Character Development in Different Genres

Literary Fiction

• Show, don’t tell: One of the most common pitfalls in character development in literary fiction is the overuse of exposition. While it’s important to provide context and background information, it’s equally important to allow the reader to infer and deduce information through subtle cues and actions. Instead of stating a character’s emotions or thoughts outright, show them through their behavior, body language, and dialogue.
• Subtle character development: Literary fiction often requires a more subtle approach to character development. Unlike genre fiction, which may focus on a character’s external journey, literary fiction often explores a character’s internal journey and psychological growth. This may involve exploring a character’s past traumas, their relationships with other characters, and their own personal values and beliefs.

Genre Fiction

• Fast-paced character arcs: In genre fiction, character development is often tied to the plot and the external conflicts a character faces. This can sometimes lead to a rushed or formulaic approach to character development, where a character undergoes a dramatic change in a short period of time. While this can be effective in certain contexts, it’s important to ensure that the character’s growth feels organic and believable.
• High-stakes situations: Genre fiction often relies on high-stakes situations to drive the plot forward, and this can also impact character development. However, it’s important to ensure that the character’s growth feels natural and isn’t solely driven by external factors. Instead of simply reacting to external events, a character should actively make choices that contribute to their own growth and development.

Memoir and Autobiography

• Using personal experiences: In memoir and autobiography, character development is often tied to the author’s own personal experiences. While this can be a strength, it can also be a pitfall if the author relies too heavily on their own experiences and doesn’t allow room for the reader to infer or deduce information. It’s important to strike a balance between sharing personal experiences and allowing the reader to connect with the story on a universal level.
• Authentic emotional journeys: Memoir and autobiography often focus on the author’s own emotional journey, and it’s important to ensure that this journey feels authentic and believable. This may involve exploring the author’s relationships with others, their own personal values and beliefs, and the emotional impact of significant life events. However, it’s important to avoid over-sharing or becoming too self-indulgent, as this can detract from the overall impact of the story.

The importance of character development in storytelling

Creating relatable and engaging characters

In order to create compelling stories, it is essential to develop characters that readers can relate to and become invested in. Relatable characters are those that readers can empathize with, whether they share similar experiences or values. By making characters relatable, writers can create a strong emotional connection between the reader and the story.

Crafting a compelling narrative

A well-developed character is integral to a compelling narrative. Readers want to see characters grow and change throughout the story, and a character’s arc should be an essential part of the plot. Without a well-developed character, the story may lack depth and meaning, leaving readers feeling unsatisfied.

Standing out in a crowded market

In today’s market, it can be challenging to stand out as a writer. A unique and well-developed character can help a writer’s work stand out from the crowd. By creating characters that are distinct and memorable, writers can make their stories more appealing to readers and increase their chances of success.

FAQs

1. What is a developing character?

A developing character is a fictional character who undergoes significant changes or growth throughout a story. These changes can be emotional, psychological, or physical, and are often the result of the character’s experiences, interactions with other characters, and their own internal struggles. A developing character can start off as one-dimensional or even antagonistic, but as the story progresses, they become more complex and multidimensional.

2. Why is character development important in writing?

Character development is important in writing because it allows readers to become emotionally invested in the story and its characters. When readers see a character change and grow over the course of a story, they become more than just names on a page – they become people that readers care about. This emotional investment can lead to a more satisfying reading experience and can make a story more memorable.

3. How do you create a developing character?

To create a developing character, start by giving them a clear goal or motivation. This could be something as simple as wanting to be loved or something more complex like seeking revenge. Then, put obstacles in their way that prevent them from achieving that goal. These obstacles could be external, like other characters or events, or internal, like their own flaws or fears. As the character works to overcome these obstacles, they will change and grow in meaningful ways.

4. What are some common pitfalls to avoid when creating a developing character?

One common pitfall to avoid when creating a developing character is making them too perfect. No one is perfect, and if a character is too flawless, they will not seem realistic or relatable. Another pitfall is making the character’s growth too easy or unearned. If a character overcomes all of their obstacles with little effort, it will not feel authentic or satisfying. Finally, avoid making the character’s growth too predictable or obvious. If readers can see the character’s growth coming a mile away, it will not be surprising or emotionally impactful.

5. How do you know if your character has undergone sufficient development?

When determining if your character has undergone sufficient development, consider if they have changed in meaningful ways. Have they overcome their initial goal or motivation? Have they learned from their mistakes and grown as a person? Have they become more complex and multidimensional? If the answer to any of these questions is yes, then your character has undergone sufficient development. Additionally, ask readers for feedback – if they feel emotionally invested in the character and can see their growth over the course of the story, then you have likely achieved sufficient character development.

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